Blood circulation
This entry was posted on 5/14/2007 9:08 PM and is filed under MediStuff in English.
Systemic circulation
The systemic circulation is also called greater circulation.
The blood is pumped from the left ventricle of the heart into the aorta.
The aorta ascends, bends downward, forming the aortic arch, and then descends, until it bifurcates to the left and right iliac arteries.
Major aortic branches are the brachiocephalic, the common carotid, the subclavian and the common iliac arteries. From these arteries, also called elastic arteries, originate muscular arteries, arterioles and capillaries.
The capillaries are drained by venules, that come together to form
veins. The veins from the head, neck and arms come together to form the
superior vena cava; the veins from the lower part of the body merge
into the inferior vena cava.
Superior and inferior venae cavae deliver blood to the right atrium.
Pulmonary circulation
Also called lesser circulation.
Venous blood pumped from the right ventricle passes through the pulmonary valve and into the main pulmonary artery. The main pulmonary artery bifurcates into the right and left pulmonary arteries.
From the right pulmonary artery originate two branches: inferior and
superior. The inferior branch provides blood to the middle and lower
lobes, while the superior branch provides blood to the upper lobe.
From the left pulmonary artery originate two branches supplying blood to the two lobes of the left lung.
The blood is oxygenated in the pulmonary capillaries and return to the
left atrium via the four pulmonary veins (two right and two left).
Portal circulation
The liver receives 30% of the blood supply through the hepatic
artery and 70% through the portal vein. The porta vein carries blood
that has passed through the capillaries of digestive organs (stomach,
intestine, pancreas, spleen).